Friday, July 30, 2010

Stress Pattern

Choose the correct stress pattern for each word or phrase.


A

B

1

develop

develop

2

secret language

secret language

3

competition

competition

4

Self-confident

Self-confident

5

Divorce

Divorce

6

Myself

Myself

7

Identical

Identical

8

Split up

Split up

Listen to check.

Correct answers.

1a, 2a, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7a, 8a.

Words or phrases with more than one syllable have a stress pattern.

Within a phrase or multiword item, one of the words carries more stress.

In two-part adjectives like self-confident, the stress falls on the second word, in this case self-confident.

In adjective + noun combinations the stress also falls on the second word, in this case a secret language.

In phrasal verbs the stress usually falls on the adverbial particle, in this case split up.


Listen for the stressed syllable in each word.



1 re / bel (n)

6 con / ven / tion / al

2 am / bi / tious

7 in / teres / ting

3 o / pen

8 lov / ving

4 cre / a / tive

9 re / laxed

5 sen / si / tive

10 self- / con / fi / dent


Sentence Stress

Play the audio several times so you can hear both the stressed syllables and the weak forms, as well as the elided (/ɪˈlaɪdɪd/) /d/ in used to. Pause between each sentence and repeat . Make sure you pronounce used to correctly.


1 We used to visit our relatives on Sundays.

2 I didn’t use to like chicken.

3 Did Tina use to work here?

4 Jack never used to like fireworks.

5 Did you use to wear costumes?

6 They used to burn incense.

7 Joe didn’t use to cry much.

8 Miles used to travel a lot.

9 She never used to drive.

10 Hannah used to drink a lot of milk.

In the case of used to, to is pronounced with a “schwa sound and is very weak.

/ ə / schwa sound.






http://www.divshare.com/download/12360589-90d

Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Phonetics

This is a great tool to improve your pronunciation. Click on the word below and have fun.
Phonetics
http://cambridgeenglishonline.com/Phonetics_Focus/

Spelling Rules for Regular Verbs in Past.

The Past Form and the Past Participle of Regular Verbs

Regular verbs are verbs that form their past form and past participle by adding d or ed to the base form.

Listen to the song and fill in the blanks.



You needed me


I (1)_________ a tear
You (2)___________ it dry
I was (3)________________
You (4) ______________ my mind
I (5)_____________ my soul
You (6)________________ it back for me
And (7) _____________ me up and (8)___________ me dignity
Somehow you (9)______________ me.

Chorus
You (10) __________ me strength

To stand alone again
To face the world
Out on my own again
You (11) _________ me high upon a pedestal
So high that I (12) __________ almost see eternity
You needed me
You needed me

And I can't believe it's you I can't believe it's true
I needed you and you (13) __________ there
And I'll never leave, why should I leave
I'd be a fool
'Cause I've finally (14)___________ someone who really cares

You (15)___________ my hand
When it (16) ________ cold
When I (17) _______ lost
You(18)_______ me home
You (19)___________ me hope
When I (20)_________ at the end
And (21) _____________ my lies
Back into truth again
You even (22)____________me friend

Repeat Chorus

You _____________ me
You _____________ me


You needed me


I cried a tear
You wiped it dry
I was confused
You cleared my mind
I sold my soul
You bought it back for me
And held me up and gave me dignity
Somehow you needed me.

Chorus
You gave me strength

To stand alone again
To face the world
Out on my own again
You put me high upon a pedestal
So high that I could almost see eternity
You needed me
You needed me

And I can't believe it's you I can't believe it's true
I needed you and you were there
And I'll never leave, why should I leave
I'd be a fool
'Cause I've finally found someone who really cares

You held my hand
When it was cold
When I was lost
You took me home
You gave me hope
When I was at the end
And turned my lies
Back into truth again
You even called me friend

Repeat Chorus

You needed me
You needed me

Here are some spelling rules for forming the past form and the past participle of regular verbs:

  1. For verbs ending in e, add d.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    agreeagreedagreed
    believebelievedbelieved
    curecuredcured
    tietiedtied
  2. For one-syllable verbs ending in a vowel plus a consonant other than w, x, or y, double the last consonant and add ed.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    banbannedbanned
    clotclottedclotted
    flipflippedflipped
    tagtaggedtagged
  3. For some verbs ending in a vowel plus w, add ed.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    flowflowedflowed
    rowrowedrowed
    gnawgnawedgnawed
    pawpawedpawed

    Exceptions: blow, draw, grow, hew, know, mow, outgrow, overdraw, overthrow, saw, sew, show, sow, strew, throw, withdraw. See The Past Form and Past Participle of Irregular Verbs.

  4. For verbs ending in a vowel plus x, add ed.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    mixmixedmixed
    relaxrelaxedrelaxed
  5. For some verbs ending in a vowel plus y, add ed.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    displaydisplayeddisplayed
    employemployedemployed
    enjoyenjoyedenjoyed
    pay (let out rope)payedpayed
    relayrelayedrelayed

    Exceptions: buy, gainsay, inlay, lay, mislay, overlay, overpay, pay, prepay, repay, say, slay, underpay, unsay. See The Past Form and Past Participle of Irregular Verbs.

  6. For two-syllable verbs ending in a vowel plus a consonant other than w, x, or y, double the last consonant and add ed when the stress is on the last syllable.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    occuroccurredoccurred
    permitpermittedpermitted
    preferpreferredpreferred

    The last consonant is not doubled when the stress is on the first syllable.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    cancelcanceledcanceled
    glistenglistenedglistened
    mirrormirroredmirrored

    Please note that in British English, the consonant l is doubled even though the stress is on the first syllable.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    cancelcancelledcancelled
    levellevelledlevelled
    marvelmarvelledmarvelled
    ravelravelledravelled
    revelrevelledrevelled
    traveltravelledtravelled
  7. For verbs ending in a consonant plus y, change the y to i and add ed.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    crycriedcried
    defydefieddefied
    pitypitiedpitied
    relyreliedrelied
  8. For verbs ending in ic, change the c to ck and add ed.

    Base FormPast FormPast Participle
    frolicfrolickedfrolicked
    mimicmimickedmimicked
    panicpanickedpanicked
    picnicpicnickedpicnicked
    traffictraffickedtrafficked

Monday, July 26, 2010

Regular Verbs List

Regular Verbs List
The question is: How do we pronounce the -ed?

The answer is: In 3 ways - / Id/ or / t/ or / d/

If the base verb ends in one of these sounds:example base verb*:example
with -ed:
pronounce
the -ed:
extra syllable?
unvoiced/t/wantwanted/ Id/yes
voiced/d/endended
unvoiced/p/hopehoped/ t/no
/f/laughlaughed
/s/faxfaxed
/S/washwashed
/tS/watchwatched
/k/likeliked
voicedall other sounds,
for example...
playplayed/ d/
allowallowed
begbegged

* note that it is the sound that is important, not the letter or spelling. For example, "fax" ends in the letter "x" but the sound /s/; "like" ends in the letter "e" but the sound /k/.

Exceptions

The following -ed words used as adjectives are pronounced with /Id/:

  • aged
  • blessed
  • crooked
  • dogged
  • learned
  • naked
  • ragged
  • wicked
  • wretched

There are thousands of regular verbs in English. This is a list of 600 of the more common regular verbs. Note that there are some spelling variations in American English (for example, "practise" becomes "practice" in American English).

  • accept
  • add
  • admire
  • admit
  • advise
  • afford
  • agree
  • alert
  • allow
  • amuse
  • analyse
  • announce
  • annoy
  • answer
  • apologise
  • appear
  • applaud
  • appreciate
  • approve
  • argue
  • arrange
  • arrest
  • arrive
  • ask
  • attach
  • attack
  • attempt
  • attend
  • attract
  • avoid

  • back
  • bake
  • balance
  • ban
  • bang
  • bare
  • bat
  • bathe
  • battle
  • beam
  • beg
  • behave
  • belong
  • bleach
  • bless
  • blind
  • blink
  • blot
  • blush
  • boast
  • boil
  • bolt
  • bomb
  • book
  • bore
  • borrow
  • bounce
  • bow
  • box
  • brake
  • brake
  • branch
  • breathe
  • bruise
  • brush
  • bubble
  • bump
  • burn
  • bury
  • buzz

  • calculate
  • call
  • camp
  • care
  • carry
  • carve
  • cause
  • challenge
  • change
  • charge
  • chase
  • cheat
  • check
  • cheer
  • chew
  • choke
  • chop
  • claim
  • clap
  • clean
  • clear
  • clip
  • close
  • coach
  • coil
  • collect
  • colour
  • comb
  • command
  • communicate
  • compare
  • compete
  • complain
  • complete
  • concentrate
  • concern
  • confess
  • confuse
  • connect
  • consider
  • consist
  • contain
  • continue
  • copy
  • correct
  • cough
  • count
  • cover
  • crack
  • crash
  • crawl
  • cross
  • crush
  • cry
  • cure
  • curl
  • curve
  • cycle

  • dam
  • damage
  • dance
  • dare
  • decay
  • deceive
  • decide
  • decorate
  • delay
  • delight
  • deliver
  • depend
  • describe
  • desert
  • deserve
  • destroy
  • detect
  • develop
  • disagree
  • disappear
  • disapprove
  • disarm
  • discover
  • dislike
  • divide
  • double
  • doubt
  • drag
  • drain
  • dream
  • dress
  • drip
  • drop
  • drown
  • drum
  • dry
  • dust

  • earn
  • educate
  • embarrass
  • employ
  • empty
  • encourage
  • end
  • enjoy
  • enter
  • entertain
  • escape
  • examine
  • excite
  • excuse
  • exercise
  • exist
  • expand
  • expect
  • explain
  • explode
  • extend

  • face
  • fade
  • fail
  • fancy
  • fasten
  • fax
  • fear
  • fence
  • fetch
  • file
  • fill
  • film
  • fire
  • fit
  • fix
  • flap
  • flash
  • float
  • flood
  • flow
  • flower
  • fold
  • follow
  • fool
  • force
  • form
  • found
  • frame
  • frighten
  • fry

  • gather
  • gaze
  • glow
  • glue
  • grab
  • grate
  • grease
  • greet
  • grin
  • grip
  • groan
  • guarantee
  • guard
  • guess
  • guide

  • hammer
  • hand
  • handle
  • hang
  • happen
  • harass
  • harm
  • hate
  • haunt
  • head
  • heal
  • heap
  • heat
  • help
  • hook
  • hop
  • hope
  • hover
  • hug
  • hum
  • hunt
  • hurry

  • identify
  • ignore
  • imagine
  • impress
  • improve
  • include
  • increase
  • influence
  • inform
  • inject
  • injure
  • instruct
  • intend
  • interest
  • interfere
  • interrupt
  • introduce
  • invent
  • invite
  • irritate
  • itch

  • jail
  • jam
  • jog
  • join
  • joke
  • judge
  • juggle
  • jump

  • kick
  • kill
  • kiss
  • kneel
  • knit
  • knock
  • knot

  • label
  • land
  • last
  • laugh
  • launch
  • learn
  • level
  • license
  • lick
  • lie
  • lighten
  • like
  • list
  • listen
  • live
  • load
  • lock
  • long
  • look
  • love

  • man
  • manage
  • march
  • mark
  • marry
  • match
  • mate
  • matter
  • measure
  • meddle
  • melt
  • memorise
  • mend
  • mess up
  • milk
  • mine
  • miss
  • mix
  • moan
  • moor
  • mourn
  • move
  • muddle
  • mug
  • multiply
  • murder

  • nail
  • name
  • need
  • nest
  • nod
  • note
  • notice
  • number

  • obey
  • object
  • observe
  • obtain
  • occur
  • offend
  • offer
  • open
  • order
  • overflow
  • owe
  • own

  • pack
  • paddle
  • paint
  • park
  • part
  • pass
  • paste
  • pat
  • pause
  • peck
  • pedal
  • peel
  • peep
  • perform
  • permit
  • phone
  • pick
  • pinch
  • pine
  • place
  • plan
  • plant
  • play
  • please
  • plug
  • point
  • poke
  • polish
  • pop
  • possess
  • post
  • pour
  • practise
  • pray
  • preach
  • precede
  • prefer
  • prepare
  • present
  • preserve
  • press
  • pretend
  • prevent
  • prick
  • print
  • produce
  • program
  • promise
  • protect
  • provide
  • pull
  • pump
  • punch
  • puncture
  • punish
  • push

  • question
  • queue



  • race
  • radiate
  • rain
  • raise
  • reach
  • realise
  • receive
  • recognise
  • record
  • reduce
  • reflect
  • refuse
  • regret
  • reign
  • reject
  • rejoice
  • relax
  • release
  • rely
  • remain
  • remember
  • remind
  • remove
  • repair
  • repeat
  • replace
  • reply
  • report
  • reproduce
  • request
  • rescue
  • retire
  • return
  • rhyme
  • rinse
  • risk
  • rob
  • rock
  • roll
  • rot
  • rub
  • ruin
  • rule
  • rush

  • sack
  • sail
  • satisfy
  • save
  • saw
  • scare
  • scatter
  • scold
  • scorch
  • scrape
  • scratch
  • scream
  • screw
  • scribble
  • scrub
  • seal
  • search
  • separate
  • serve
  • settle
  • shade
  • share
  • shave
  • shelter
  • shiver
  • shock
  • shop
  • shrug
  • sigh
  • sign
  • signal
  • sin
  • sip
  • ski
  • skip
  • slap
  • slip
  • slow
  • smash
  • smell
  • smile
  • smoke
  • snatch
  • sneeze
  • sniff
  • snore
  • snow
  • soak
  • soothe
  • sound
  • spare
  • spark
  • sparkle
  • spell
  • spill
  • spoil
  • spot
  • spray
  • sprout
  • squash
  • squeak
  • squeal
  • squeeze
  • stain
  • stamp
  • stare
  • start
  • stay
  • steer
  • step
  • stir
  • stitch
  • stop
  • store
  • strap
  • strengthen
  • stretch
  • strip
  • stroke
  • stuff
  • subtract
  • succeed
  • suck
  • suffer
  • suggest
  • suit
  • supply
  • support
  • suppose
  • surprise
  • surround
  • suspect
  • suspend
  • switch

  • talk
  • tame
  • tap
  • taste
  • tease
  • telephone
  • tempt
  • terrify
  • test
  • thank
  • thaw
  • tick
  • tickle
  • tie
  • time
  • tip
  • tire
  • touch
  • tour
  • tow
  • trace
  • trade
  • train
  • transport
  • trap
  • travel
  • treat
  • tremble
  • trick
  • trip
  • trot
  • trouble
  • trust
  • try
  • tug
  • tumble
  • turn
  • twist
  • type

  • undress
  • unfasten
  • unite
  • unlock
  • unpack
  • untidy
  • use

  • vanish
  • visit



  • wail
  • wait
  • walk
  • wander
  • want
  • warm
  • warn
  • wash
  • waste
  • watch
  • water
  • wave
  • weigh
  • welcome
  • whine
  • whip
  • whirl
  • whisper
  • whistle
  • wink
  • wipe
  • wish
  • wobble
  • wonder
  • work
  • worry
  • wrap
  • wreck
  • wrestle
  • wriggle

  • x-ray




  • yawn
  • yell



  • zip
  • zoom